Lub tsheb hluav taws xob (EV) yog lub tsheb siv hluav taws xob zoo. Lub tswvyim yog qhov dav heev. Cov tsheb siv hluav taws xob suav nrog roj tsheb hluav taws xob tsheb (BEV), tsheb sib txuas hluav taws xob (HEV), thiab roj tsheb hluav taws xob tsheb (FCEV). Cov tsheb hluav taws xob koom nrog ntau yam kev qhuab qhia, uas muaj qhov dav thiab ntau yam. Nws cov thev naus laus zis suav nrog chassis thiab lub cev thev naus laus zis, tsav thev naus laus zis thiab thev naus laus zis technology. Nws yog qhov nyuaj ua haujlwm rau cov cuab yeej tshiab kev cob qhia cov cuab yeej siv tsheb los sau cov lus nug tshawb xyuas rau qhov kev kawm no. Cov tshooj lus no hais txog cov roj teeb hluav taws xob tsheb, thiab koom nrog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov roj tsheb hluav taws xob tsheb. Tsab ntawv no xub qhia txog cov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm cov roj tsheb hluav taws xob tsheb, cov tsheb sib txuas hluav taws xob thiab cov roj tsheb hluav taws xob tsheb, tom qab ntawd tsom mus rau lub tswv yim kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob, tom qab ntawd piav qhia txog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov roj tsheb hluav taws xob tsheb thiab cov tsheb hluav taws xob, thiab sib tham txog lawv lub ntsiab thev naus laus zis, hu ua, tsav tsheb thev naus laus zis thiab thev naus laus zis siv tshuab. Qhov xaus xaus lus xaus qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov txuj ci thiab cov teeb meem ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsheb no.
Tam sim no, roj tsheb hluav taws xob tsheb, tsheb hluav taws xob hybrid, thiab roj tsheb hluav taws xob tsheb yog nyob rau theem sib txawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, ntsib cov teeb meem sib txawv thiab xav tau kev ua txawv. Txhawm rau kom cov neeg nyeem nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tsheb no ua ntej nyeem los ntawm cov ntawv nyeem tag nrho, peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov yam ntxwv tau piav nyob rau hauv Table 1. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm roj teeb hluav taws xob tsheb yog lub roj teeb thiab nws txoj kev tswj hwm. kaw lus. Yog li, roj teeb hluav taws xob tsheb feem ntau tsim nyog rau cov zej zog luv luv, uas tsis muaj zog, vim tias kev siv roj teeb muaj peev xwm me dua tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Hybrid hluav taws xob tsheb tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li cov neeg siv, tab sis lawv cov nqi thiab kev tsim kho kom zoo yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb. Cov roj tsheb hluav taws xob roj tsheb muaj lub peev xwm ua lub tsheb loj hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, tab sis lawv cov thev naus laus zis tseem nyob hauv kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev txhim kho theem, nws tus nqi tau dhau lawm, thiab cov khoom siv los ntawm hydrogen thiab oxygen roj system yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb.
Cia peb pib nrog cov pejxeem thiab qhov nce ntawm cov tsheb, raws li pom hauv daim duab 1. Hauv 50 xyoo tom ntej, cov neeg ntiaj teb yuav nce los ntawm 6 billion txog 10 billion, thiab cov tsheb yuav nce ntxiv ntawm 700 lab mus rau 2.5 billion. Yog tias cov tsheb no siv lub cav sib xyaw sab hauv, qhov twg cov roj uas lawv xav tau? Lawv cov pa nkev no yuav kho tau li cas? Lub ntuj puas yuav grey li? Cov lus nug no yog yuam cov tib neeg kom nrhiav tau cov tsheb zoo rau lub xyoo pua 21st.
Hauv lub ntiaj teb uas qhov teeb meem ib puag ncig thiab cov khoom siv tau nce ntxiv, qhov kev txhim kho nrawm ntawm lub tshuab siv hluav taws xob siv tsheb tau pom tseeb los daws cov teeb meem no. Los ntawm kev pom ib puag ncig, hluav taws xob tsheb tuaj yeem ua tiav xoom lossis qis tawm tsawg hauv kev thauj mus los hauv nroog. Txawm hais tias xav tias yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam dab tsi los ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob uas lub zog siv hluav taws xob tsheb no, kev siv hluav taws xob tsheb tseem muaj peev xwm txo tau cov pa paug thoob ntiaj teb. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub zog, lub zog siv los ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb yog qhov txhim khu kev qha, dav, sib npaug, thiab ib puag ncig lub zog, xws li kev siv ntau lub zog tauj dua tshiab. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov kev txhim kho hluav taws xob hauv tsheb yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev tsim kho lub zog, ib puag ncig, kev thauj mus los thiab kev txiav txim siab thev naus laus zis, kev tsim cov kev lag luam tshiab thiab kev txhim kho kev lag luam.
